54 papers
Obstetrics and gynecology encompasses the vital care of women's health throughout life, from reproductive wellness and pregnancy to menopause and beyond. This dynamic field explores the complex biological processes of childbirth, the prevention of diseases affecting female reproductive organs, and the latest advancements in maternal safety. It is a discipline deeply rooted in both immediate clinical impact and long-term public health strategies.
On Gist.Science, we continuously monitor medRxiv for the newest preprints in this category, ensuring you have instant access to cutting-edge research before formal publication. Our team processes every new submission to provide both detailed technical summaries and clear, plain-language explanations, making these complex studies understandable for everyone from specialists to curious readers.
Below are the latest papers in obstetrics and gynecology, offering fresh insights into the future of women's healthcare.
This retrospective study of 58 obstetric ICU admissions at a tertiary urban center reveals that 81% of patients were non-Hispanic Black and 91% were publicly insured, highlighting local disparities that align with national trends of elevated severe maternal morbidity and mortality among Black women and those with Medicaid coverage.
This study protocol outlines a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in Lagos, Nigeria, designed to evaluate whether daily oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can delay the progression of early-onset preeclampsia to severe disease compared to a placebo, potentially offering a safe and affordable intervention for resource-constrained settings.
This population-based study of over 41 million U.S. births from 2014 to 2024 reveals that racial and ethnic disparities in cesarean delivery rates persist independently of insurance status, with non-Hispanic Black women facing the highest risks across all coverage types and the most significant absolute disparities observed among the uninsured.
This two-sample Mendelian randomization study with maternal-fetal effect decomposition provides robust evidence that genetic liability to endometriosis causally increases the risk of placenta praevia through maternal pathways, while suggesting that previously observed associations with other adverse pregnancy outcomes are likely driven by confounding factors rather than direct causality.
This mixed-method study of 300 undergraduates at Osun State University reveals that students possess low knowledge and predominantly negative attitudes toward male infertility, which are significantly influenced by academic level, faculty, and formal education, highlighting the urgent need for gender-inclusive health education to address cultural misconceptions.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 40 women, oral L-ergothioneine supplementation (120 mg/day) significantly and progressively reduced primary dysmenorrhea pain and associated symptoms over three menstrual cycles without adverse events, suggesting a cytoprotective mechanism independent of classical inflammatory pathways.
This study developed and validated a 55-gene hypoxia-associated signature that effectively stratifies uterine cervical cancer patients by identifying those with advanced disease features and significantly worse survival outcomes, suggesting its potential utility for guiding hypoxia-targeted therapies.
This longitudinal study of over 5,700 pregnant women across five low- and middle-income countries reveals that pregnancy loss remains a significant public health challenge with a cumulative risk of 103 per 1,000 pregnancies after 8 weeks, peaking in early gestation and among women over 35, while highlighting that conventional estimates often underestimate rates due to delayed enrollment.
This five-year longitudinal study in Sierra Leone reveals that while modern contraceptive use among post-caesarean women reaches 48.5% at five years, it is significantly influenced by increased health system contact, specifically higher antenatal care attendance and receiving contraceptive offers before discharge, whereas delivery at tertiary facilities is associated with lower uptake.
In a retrospective cohort study of Peruvian women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, excessive gestational weight gain was associated with a small but statistically significant increase in the risk of composite obstetric-perinatal outcomes, with the strength of this association varying by pre-pregnancy BMI class.